Problem Insufficient treatment of vulnerable plaque in the coronary arteries leads to costly and health impairing re-catheterizations. In 2015, Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) affected 110 million people and resulted in 8.9 million deaths worldwide. CAD occurs when the arteries that supply the heart muscle with blood become hardened and narrowed, due to the buildup of cholesterol and plaque on their inner walls. Current treatment: to open the blocked coronary arteries, 80% of the patients are treated using a Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). - Of those patients treated with PCI, 12% get a re-catheterization within 12 months after the initial procedure. - Total costs for these re-catheterizations are estimated at $3.5 billion. 50% of these re-catheterizations are caused by a type of stenosis called vulnerable plaques, which are formed by fat-filled cells with a thin cover. If the cover ruptures, a blood clot is formed, blocking the coronary artery.
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