The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. It was established by the United Nations Charter in June 1945 and began its activities in April 1946. The seat of the court is at the Peace Palace in The Hague (Netherlands). The court has a twofold role: first, to settle, in accordance with international law, legal disputes submitted to it by states (its judgments have binding force and are without appeal for the parties concerned); and, second, to give advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by duly authorized United Nations organs and agencies of the system. The court is composed of 15 judges elected for a nine-year term by the General Assembly and the Security Council of the United Nations. The court is assisted by a registry, its permanent administrative secretariat, which is independent of the United Nations Secretariat.
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